{ "meta": { "title": "Insurance Planning Chapter 11 Exam Bank", "language": "zh-CN", "question_count": 30, "quality_version": "reliability_v2", "answer_distribution": { "A": 5, "B": 5, "C": 5, "D": 4 }, "note": "原创题库，用于学习和自测；不复制教材题目。选择题答案位置已打散，解释含错因。" }, "questions": [ { "id": "c11-q001", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "basic", "concept_ids": [ "social_security" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo01", "question": "关于 Social Security，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "美国联邦社会保险体系，提供退休、遗属和伤残福利。", "B": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。", "C": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "D": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。" }, "answer": "A", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "正确。Social Security 的核心是：美国联邦社会保险体系，提供退休、遗属和伤残福利。", "B": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。", "C": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "D": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 A。正确。Social Security 的核心是：美国联邦社会保险体系，提供退休、遗属和伤残福利。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "social_security", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q002", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "basic", "concept_ids": [ "work_credits" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo02", "question": "关于 Work credits，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "B": "决定是否有资格获得 Social Security 福利的工作记录单位。", "C": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。", "D": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。" }, "answer": "B", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "B": "正确。Work credits 的核心是：决定是否有资格获得 Social Security 福利的工作记录单位。", "C": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。", "D": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 B。正确。Work credits 的核心是：决定是否有资格获得 Social Security 福利的工作记录单位。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "work_credits", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q003", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "basic", "concept_ids": [ "aime" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo03", "question": "关于 AIME，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。", "B": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。", "C": "用于计算 PIA 的平均指数化月收入。", "D": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。" }, "answer": "C", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。", "B": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。", "C": "正确。AIME 的核心是：用于计算 PIA 的平均指数化月收入。", "D": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 C。正确。AIME 的核心是：用于计算 PIA 的平均指数化月收入。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "aime", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q004", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "basic", "concept_ids": [ "pia" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo04", "question": "关于 Primary Insurance Amount，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。", "B": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。", "C": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "D": "FRA 时的基础月福利金额。" }, "answer": "D", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。", "B": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。", "C": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "D": "正确。Primary Insurance Amount 的核心是：FRA 时的基础月福利金额。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 D。正确。Primary Insurance Amount 的核心是：FRA 时的基础月福利金额。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "pia", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q005", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "basic", "concept_ids": [ "full_retirement_age" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo05", "question": "关于 Full retirement age，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "领取未减少退休福利的年龄，取决于出生年份。", "B": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。", "C": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "D": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。" }, "answer": "A", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "正确。Full retirement age 的核心是：领取未减少退休福利的年龄，取决于出生年份。", "B": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。", "C": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "D": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 A。正确。Full retirement age 的核心是：领取未减少退休福利的年龄，取决于出生年份。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "full_retirement_age", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q006", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "basic", "concept_ids": [ "early_retirement_social_security" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo01", "question": "关于 Early retirement at 62，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "B": "最早 62 岁可领退休福利，但月福利永久降低。", "C": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。", "D": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。" }, "answer": "B", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "B": "正确。Early retirement at 62 的核心是：最早 62 岁可领退休福利，但月福利永久降低。", "C": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。", "D": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 B。正确。Early retirement at 62 的核心是：最早 62 岁可领退休福利，但月福利永久降低。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "early_retirement_social_security", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q007", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "basic", "concept_ids": [ "delayed_retirement_credits" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo02", "question": "关于 Delayed retirement credits，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。", "B": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。", "C": "FRA 后延迟领取可增加月福利，通常到 70 岁停止增加。", "D": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。" }, "answer": "C", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。", "B": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。", "C": "正确。Delayed retirement credits 的核心是：FRA 后延迟领取可增加月福利，通常到 70 岁停止增加。", "D": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 C。正确。Delayed retirement credits 的核心是：FRA 后延迟领取可增加月福利，通常到 70 岁停止增加。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "delayed_retirement_credits", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q008", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "basic", "concept_ids": [ "spousal_benefit" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo03", "question": "关于 Spousal benefit，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。", "B": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。", "C": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "D": "基于配偶工作记录的福利，适合收入记录较低配偶。" }, "answer": "D", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。", "B": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。", "C": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "D": "正确。Spousal benefit 的核心是：基于配偶工作记录的福利，适合收入记录较低配偶。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 D。正确。Spousal benefit 的核心是：基于配偶工作记录的福利，适合收入记录较低配偶。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "spousal_benefit", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q009", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "survivor_benefit" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo04", "question": "关于 Survivor benefit，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "配偶死亡后遗属可能基于亡故 worker 记录领取。", "B": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。", "C": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "D": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。" }, "answer": "A", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "正确。Survivor benefit 的核心是：配偶死亡后遗属可能基于亡故 worker 记录领取。", "B": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。", "C": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "D": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 A。正确。Survivor benefit 的核心是：配偶死亡后遗属可能基于亡故 worker 记录领取。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "survivor_benefit", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q010", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "earnings_test" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo05", "question": "关于 Earnings test，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "B": "FRA 前领取且继续工作，超过限额时可能暂时扣减福利。", "C": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。", "D": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。" }, "answer": "B", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "B": "正确。Earnings test 的核心是：FRA 前领取且继续工作，超过限额时可能暂时扣减福利。", "C": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。", "D": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 B。正确。Earnings test 的核心是：FRA 前领取且继续工作，超过限额时可能暂时扣减福利。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "earnings_test", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q011", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "taxation_social_security" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo01", "question": "关于 Taxation of Social Security benefits，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。", "B": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。", "C": "Social Security 福利可能部分纳入应税收入，取决于组合收入。", "D": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。" }, "answer": "C", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。", "B": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。", "C": "正确。Taxation of Social Security benefits 的核心是：Social Security 福利可能部分纳入应税收入，取决于组合收入。", "D": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 C。正确。Taxation of Social Security benefits 的核心是：Social Security 福利可能部分纳入应税收入，取决于组合收入。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "taxation_social_security", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q012", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "ssdi_ch11" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo02", "question": "关于 SSDI，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。", "B": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。", "C": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "D": "给符合 insured status 且满足严格残疾定义者的伤残福利。" }, "answer": "D", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。", "B": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。", "C": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "D": "正确。SSDI 的核心是：给符合 insured status 且满足严格残疾定义者的伤残福利。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 D。正确。SSDI 的核心是：给符合 insured status 且满足严格残疾定义者的伤残福利。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "ssdi_ch11", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q013", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "medicare_part_a" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo03", "question": "关于 Medicare Part A，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "医院保险，覆盖住院、部分 skilled nursing、hospice、部分 home health。", "B": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。", "C": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "D": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。" }, "answer": "A", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "正确。Medicare Part A 的核心是：医院保险，覆盖住院、部分 skilled nursing、hospice、部分 home health。", "B": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。", "C": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "D": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 A。正确。Medicare Part A 的核心是：医院保险，覆盖住院、部分 skilled nursing、hospice、部分 home health。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "medicare_part_a", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q014", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "medicare_part_b" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo04", "question": "关于 Medicare Part B，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "B": "医疗保险，覆盖医生服务、门诊、DME、预防服务等。", "C": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。", "D": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。" }, "answer": "B", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "B": "正确。Medicare Part B 的核心是：医疗保险，覆盖医生服务、门诊、DME、预防服务等。", "C": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。", "D": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 B。正确。Medicare Part B 的核心是：医疗保险，覆盖医生服务、门诊、DME、预防服务等。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "medicare_part_b", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q015", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "medicare_part_c" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo05", "question": "关于 Medicare Advantage / Part C，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。", "B": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。", "C": "私营保险公司提供的 Medicare 替代路径，通常打包 A/B 并常含 D。", "D": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。" }, "answer": "C", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。", "B": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。", "C": "正确。Medicare Advantage / Part C 的核心是：私营保险公司提供的 Medicare 替代路径，通常打包 A/B 并常含 D。", "D": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 C。正确。Medicare Advantage / Part C 的核心是：私营保险公司提供的 Medicare 替代路径，通常打包 A/B 并常含 D。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "medicare_part_c", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q016", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "medicare_part_d" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo01", "question": "关于 Medicare Part D，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。", "B": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。", "C": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "D": "处方药覆盖。" }, "answer": "D", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。", "B": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。", "C": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "D": "正确。Medicare Part D 的核心是：处方药覆盖。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 D。正确。Medicare Part D 的核心是：处方药覆盖。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "medicare_part_d", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q017", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "medigap" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo02", "question": "关于 Medigap，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "补充 Original Medicare 自付缺口的私人标准化保单。", "B": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。", "C": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "D": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。" }, "answer": "A", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "正确。Medigap 的核心是：补充 Original Medicare 自付缺口的私人标准化保单。", "B": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。", "C": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "D": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 A。正确。Medigap 的核心是：补充 Original Medicare 自付缺口的私人标准化保单。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "medigap", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q018", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "irmaa" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo03", "question": "关于 IRMAA，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "spousal benefit 和 survivor benefit 规则完全相同。", "B": "高收入 Medicare 受益人的 Part B/D 额外保费调整。", "C": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。", "D": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。" }, "answer": "B", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。配偶福利和遗属福利触发和金额规则不同。", "B": "正确。IRMAA 的核心是：高收入 Medicare 受益人的 Part B/D 额外保费调整。", "C": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。", "D": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 B。正确。IRMAA 的核心是：高收入 Medicare 受益人的 Part B/D 额外保费调整。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "irmaa", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q019", "type": "multiple_choice", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "medicare_medicaid_difference" ], "learning_objective_id": "c11-lo04", "question": "关于 Medicare vs Medicaid，哪项判断最准确？", "choices": { "A": "Medicare Part A 免费就代表 Medicare 免费。", "B": "Medigap 可以补 Medicare Advantage 的 copay。", "C": "Medicare 主要按年龄/残疾资格，Medicaid 基于收入资产等资格。", "D": "62 岁领取 Social Security 总是最优。" }, "answer": "C", "rationale_by_choice": { "A": "错误。Part B、Part D、Medigap、IRMAA 和自付额仍可能产生成本。", "B": "错误。Medigap 是补 Original Medicare，不是 Medicare Advantage 的补充。", "C": "正确。Medicare vs Medicaid 的核心是：Medicare 主要按年龄/残疾资格，Medicaid 基于收入资产等资格。", "D": "错误。早领会降低月福利，是否最优要看寿命、现金流和配偶/遗属风险。" }, "explanation": "正确答案是 C。正确。Medicare vs Medicaid 的核心是：Medicare 主要按年龄/残疾资格，Medicaid 基于收入资产等资格。 错项的共同问题是把本章相邻概念混用，或忽略付款人、受益人、触发条件、税务/合同限制。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "medicare_medicaid_difference", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q020", "type": "scenario_short_answer", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "social_security", "work_credits", "aime" ], "question": "案例陷阱题：62 岁最早领取不等于最优。。学生应该怎样纠正这个判断？", "answer": "具体错因：62 岁最早领取不等于最优。。社保医保要按资格、领取年龄、配偶/遗属规则、税务和长期护理边界判断。", "key_points": [ "先判断损失类型", "再判断触发条件", "最后判断付款人/受益人/税务或合同边界" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能指出具体错因并给出正确判断顺序", "partial_credit": "只说出概念定义但没有应用到案例" }, "explanation": "这题训练的是识别具体误导点，不是背统一定义。具体错因：62 岁最早领取不等于最优。。社保医保要按资格、领取年龄、配偶/遗属规则、税务和长期护理边界判断。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "exam_trap", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q021", "type": "scenario_short_answer", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "social_security", "work_credits", "aime" ], "question": "案例陷阱题：Medicare Part A 可能无保费，但 Medicare 不是免费。。学生应该怎样纠正这个判断？", "answer": "具体错因：Medicare Part A 可能无保费，但 Medicare 不是免费。。社保医保要按资格、领取年龄、配偶/遗属规则、税务和长期护理边界判断。", "key_points": [ "先判断损失类型", "再判断触发条件", "最后判断付款人/受益人/税务或合同边界" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能指出具体错因并给出正确判断顺序", "partial_credit": "只说出概念定义但没有应用到案例" }, "explanation": "这题训练的是识别具体误导点，不是背统一定义。具体错因：Medicare Part A 可能无保费，但 Medicare 不是免费。。社保医保要按资格、领取年龄、配偶/遗属规则、税务和长期护理边界判断。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "exam_trap", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q022", "type": "scenario_short_answer", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "social_security", "work_credits", "aime" ], "question": "案例陷阱题：Medigap 和 Medicare Advantage 不要混淆。。学生应该怎样纠正这个判断？", "answer": "具体错因：Medigap 和 Medicare Advantage 不要混淆。。社保医保要按资格、领取年龄、配偶/遗属规则、税务和长期护理边界判断。", "key_points": [ "先判断损失类型", "再判断触发条件", "最后判断付款人/受益人/税务或合同边界" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能指出具体错因并给出正确判断顺序", "partial_credit": "只说出概念定义但没有应用到案例" }, "explanation": "这题训练的是识别具体误导点，不是背统一定义。具体错因：Medigap 和 Medicare Advantage 不要混淆。。社保医保要按资格、领取年龄、配偶/遗属规则、税务和长期护理边界判断。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "exam_trap", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q023", "type": "scenario_short_answer", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "social_security", "work_credits", "aime" ], "question": "案例陷阱题：Medicare 通常不解决长期 custodial care。。学生应该怎样纠正这个判断？", "answer": "具体错因：Medicare 通常不解决长期 custodial care。。社保医保要按资格、领取年龄、配偶/遗属规则、税务和长期护理边界判断。", "key_points": [ "先判断损失类型", "再判断触发条件", "最后判断付款人/受益人/税务或合同边界" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能指出具体错因并给出正确判断顺序", "partial_credit": "只说出概念定义但没有应用到案例" }, "explanation": "这题训练的是识别具体误导点，不是背统一定义。具体错因：Medicare 通常不解决长期 custodial care。。社保医保要按资格、领取年龄、配偶/遗属规则、税务和长期护理边界判断。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "exam_trap", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q024", "type": "comparison", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "full_retirement_age", "spousal_benefit" ], "question": "比较 Full retirement age 与 Spousal benefit：考试中应如何分辨？", "answer": "Full retirement age：领取未减少退休福利的年龄，取决于出生年份。；Spousal benefit：基于配偶工作记录的福利，适合收入记录较低配偶。。", "key_points": [ "分辨风险对象", "分辨触发条件", "分辨现金流结果", "分辨税务或合同限制" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能分别定义两个概念并说明案例边界", "partial_credit": "只写定义但没有说明边界" }, "explanation": "比较题要避免把相邻概念混用。Full retirement age 的信号是 FRA 不是 Medicare 资格年龄。；Spousal benefit 的信号是 和 survivor benefit 不同。。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "full_retirement_age", "spousal_benefit", "comparison", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q025", "type": "comparison", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "early_retirement_social_security", "survivor_benefit" ], "question": "比较 Early retirement at 62 与 Survivor benefit：考试中应如何分辨？", "answer": "Early retirement at 62：最早 62 岁可领退休福利，但月福利永久降低。；Survivor benefit：配偶死亡后遗属可能基于亡故 worker 记录领取。。", "key_points": [ "分辨风险对象", "分辨触发条件", "分辨现金流结果", "分辨税务或合同限制" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能分别定义两个概念并说明案例边界", "partial_credit": "只写定义但没有说明边界" }, "explanation": "比较题要避免把相邻概念混用。Early retirement at 62 的信号是 早领不一定最优。；Survivor benefit 的信号是 不要套用 spousal benefit 比例。。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "early_retirement_social_security", "survivor_benefit", "comparison", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q026", "type": "comparison", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "delayed_retirement_credits", "earnings_test" ], "question": "比较 Delayed retirement credits 与 Earnings test：考试中应如何分辨？", "answer": "Delayed retirement credits：FRA 后延迟领取可增加月福利，通常到 70 岁停止增加。；Earnings test：FRA 前领取且继续工作，超过限额时可能暂时扣减福利。。", "key_points": [ "分辨风险对象", "分辨触发条件", "分辨现金流结果", "分辨税务或合同限制" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能分别定义两个概念并说明案例边界", "partial_credit": "只写定义但没有说明边界" }, "explanation": "比较题要避免把相邻概念混用。Delayed retirement credits 的信号是 70 岁后继续等通常不增加福利。；Earnings test 的信号是 不是简单永久没收。。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "delayed_retirement_credits", "earnings_test", "comparison", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q027", "type": "comparison", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "spousal_benefit", "taxation_social_security" ], "question": "比较 Spousal benefit 与 Taxation of Social Security benefits：考试中应如何分辨？", "answer": "Spousal benefit：基于配偶工作记录的福利，适合收入记录较低配偶。；Taxation of Social Security benefits：Social Security 福利可能部分纳入应税收入，取决于组合收入。。", "key_points": [ "分辨风险对象", "分辨触发条件", "分辨现金流结果", "分辨税务或合同限制" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能分别定义两个概念并说明案例边界", "partial_credit": "只写定义但没有说明边界" }, "explanation": "比较题要避免把相邻概念混用。Spousal benefit 的信号是 和 survivor benefit 不同。；Taxation of Social Security benefits 的信号是 不要默认完全免税。。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "spousal_benefit", "taxation_social_security", "comparison", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q028", "type": "comparison", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "survivor_benefit", "ssdi_ch11" ], "question": "比较 Survivor benefit 与 SSDI：考试中应如何分辨？", "answer": "Survivor benefit：配偶死亡后遗属可能基于亡故 worker 记录领取。；SSDI：给符合 insured status 且满足严格残疾定义者的伤残福利。。", "key_points": [ "分辨风险对象", "分辨触发条件", "分辨现金流结果", "分辨税务或合同限制" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能分别定义两个概念并说明案例边界", "partial_credit": "只写定义但没有说明边界" }, "explanation": "比较题要避免把相邻概念混用。Survivor benefit 的信号是 不要套用 spousal benefit 比例。；SSDI 的信号是 标准比私人 DI 通常更严。。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "survivor_benefit", "ssdi_ch11", "comparison", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q029", "type": "comparison", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "earnings_test", "medicare_part_a" ], "question": "比较 Earnings test 与 Medicare Part A：考试中应如何分辨？", "answer": "Earnings test：FRA 前领取且继续工作，超过限额时可能暂时扣减福利。；Medicare Part A：医院保险，覆盖住院、部分 skilled nursing、hospice、部分 home health。。", "key_points": [ "分辨风险对象", "分辨触发条件", "分辨现金流结果", "分辨税务或合同限制" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能分别定义两个概念并说明案例边界", "partial_credit": "只写定义但没有说明边界" }, "explanation": "比较题要避免把相邻概念混用。Earnings test 的信号是 不是简单永久没收。；Medicare Part A 的信号是 不等于长期养老院全包。。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "earnings_test", "medicare_part_a", "comparison", "reliability_v2" ] }, { "id": "c11-q030", "type": "comparison", "difficulty": "medium", "concept_ids": [ "taxation_social_security", "medicare_part_b" ], "question": "比较 Taxation of Social Security benefits 与 Medicare Part B：考试中应如何分辨？", "answer": "Taxation of Social Security benefits：Social Security 福利可能部分纳入应税收入，取决于组合收入。；Medicare Part B：医疗保险，覆盖医生服务、门诊、DME、预防服务等。。", "key_points": [ "分辨风险对象", "分辨触发条件", "分辨现金流结果", "分辨税务或合同限制" ], "rubric": { "full_credit": "能分别定义两个概念并说明案例边界", "partial_credit": "只写定义但没有说明边界" }, "explanation": "比较题要避免把相邻概念混用。Taxation of Social Security benefits 的信号是 不要默认完全免税。；Medicare Part B 的信号是 通常有保费和 coinsurance。。", "tags": [ "chapter_11", "taxation_social_security", "medicare_part_b", "comparison", "reliability_v2" ] } ] }